What Does Systems Engineering Cover?

Risk Management

Identify, assess, and mitigate potential risks associated with a system throughout its lifecycle

Requirements

Analyze, specify, validate, and manage functional and non-functional needs and constraints

Human Factors

Study the physical, cognitive, social, and organizational human interactions within systems

Software

Design, develop, test, and maintain software components and systems within larger systems

Project Leadership

Manage projects from start to completion, including planning, organizing, coordinating, directing, and controlling activities and resources

Integration

Bring together different subsystems including requirements allocation, interface definition, testing, and verification

Verification & Validation

Simulate, test, and analyze systems and components to ensure they meet system and stakeholder requirements

Hardware

Design, develop, test, and maintain physical component and systems within larger systems

How Should You Approach Systems Engineering?

Many organizations are now using models to represent and analyze complex systems.
Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) creates a common Systems Modeling Language (SysML) to help organizations communicate and handle their Systems Engineering processes in the most practical, efficient, and comprehensive way possible.

So, let’s explore the differences between traditional Systems Engineering and the Model-based approach, so that you can better understand the benefits of using MBSE in your organization.

MBSE vs. Traditional Systems Engineering: What's the Difference?

What is Traditional Systems Engineering?

Traditionally, systems are developed through a series of stages, including requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. This approach typically involves the use of documents and diagrams to represent the system, and relies heavily on human interpretation and communication to ensure that all stakeholders have a shared understanding of the system. While this approach has been successful in many industries, it can be time-consuming and prone to errors and miscommunications.

What is Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE)?

MBSE is a newer approach to Systems Engineering that uses models to represent the system throughout its lifecycle. These models can include diagrams, simulations, and other visual representations that can be easily shared and understood by all stakeholders. MBSE also emphasizes the use of automated tools and processes to reduce errors and improve efficiency. By using MBSE, organizations can improve communication, reduce development time, and increase the overall quality of their systems.

How Does MBSE Differ from Traditional Systems Engineering?

Traditional systems engineering typically relies on documents and spreadsheets to represent the system and its requirements. This can lead to miscommunication and errors, as different stakeholders may interpret the information differently. In contrast, MBSE uses models to represent the system, which can be easily shared and understood by all stakeholders. MBSE also emphasizes the use of automated tools and processes to reduce errors and improve efficiency. Overall, MBSE offers a more streamlined and effective approach to systems engineering.

What Are the Benefits of Using MBSE?

Process Automation

MBSE emphasizes the use of automated tools and processes, which can save time and reduce the risk of errors

Efficient Collaboration

MBSE also allows for better collaboration between teams, as everyone is working from the same digital model

Improved System Performance

MBSE can help to improve the overall quality of the system by enabling more thorough analysis and testing

Reduce Errors & Delays

MBSE helps to reduce errors and delays, so that you can produce better products and services for customers

Model-Based Systems Lifecycle

The technical lifecycle of a system or process is the same whether the organization works with traditional Systems Engineering (SE) Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE). The systems are defined with the same phases regardless of industry, whether it is a commercial product or a defense system. Requirements are developed into a solution, realized through production, tested, and verified so that it complies with the requirements before it can be used operationally. MBSE ensures an accurate, more efficient, and safer process, with higher quality throughout the distinct phases creating the systems architecture.

Planning

In this phase, the goals and objectives of the system are identified, and the resources required to achieve them are determined. The scope of the project is defined, and a plan is created to guide the development process.

Analysis

In this phase, the requirements of the system are analyzed and documented. The stakeholders involved in the system are identified, and their needs and expectations are gathered. The functional and non-functional requirements of the system are defined, and a solution is proposed to meet these requirements.

Design

In this phase, the architecture of the system is designed. The system's components and their interactions are identified, and their functionality is defined. The design is reviewed and revised until it meets the requirements and constraints of the system.

Development

In this phase, the software code is written and tested. The system is developed in accordance with the design and requirements. The code is tested to ensure that it meets the functional and non-functional requirements of the system.

Implementation

In this phase, the system is installed and configured in its operational environment. The software code is deployed, and the system is tested to ensure that it works correctly.

Validation

In this phase, the system is tested to ensure that it meets the requirements and specifications. The system is validated to ensure that it is reliable, scalable, and maintainable.

How Can You Implement MBSE in Your Organization?

Implementing MBSE in your organization requires a shift in mindset and a commitment to change. So, let's take it step-by-step.
A Brief Overview of Planning MBSE Implementation

It’s important to start by identifying the key stakeholders and ensuring that everyone is on board with the transition. Next, you’ll need to invest in the necessary tools and training to support MBSE. This may include software, hardware, and personnel resources. It’s also important to establish clear processes and guidelines for using MBSE, including standards for modeling and documentation. Finally, it’s essential that you and your Systems Engineering partner monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of MBSE over time, adjusting as needed to ensure that it continues to meet the needs of your organization.

Real-world Examples of Successful MBSE Implementation

Many organizations have already made the switch to MBSE and are reaping the benefits. For example, NASA has used MBSE to successfully design and develop complex space systems, such as the Mars Rover. MBSE has also been used in the automotive industry to improve the design and development of vehicles, resulting in faster time-to-market and improved quality. Other industries, such as defense and healthcare, have also seen success with MBSE implementation. By adopting MBSE, these organizations have been able to improve collaboration, reduce errors and rework, and deliver better products and services to their customers.

The Future of MBSE and its Potential Impact on Systems Engineering

The future of MBSE is bright, with an increasing number of organizations recognizing its potential to revolutionize Systems Engineering. As technology continues to advance, MBSE will become even more important in managing the complexity of modern systems. With the ability to model and simulate entire systems, MBSE can help organizations identify and address potential issues before they become costly problems. As a result, MBSE is poised to become a key driver of innovation and success in Systems Engineering for years to come.

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